Thursday, April 25, 2013

WHO: New flu passes more easily from bird to human

BEIJING (AP) ? A new strain of bird flu that emerged in China over the past month is one of the "most lethal" flu viruses so far, worrying health officials because it can jump more easily from birds to humans than the one that started killing people a decade ago, World Health Organization officials said Wednesday.

Scientists are watching the virus closely to see if it could spark a global pandemic but say there is little evidence so far that it can spread easily from human to human.

WHO's top influenza expert, Dr. Keiji Fukuda, told reporters at a briefing in Beijing that people seem to catch the H7N9 virus from birds more easily than the H5N1 strain that began ravaging poultry across Asia in 2003. The H5N1 strain has since killed 360 people worldwide, mostly after contact with infected fowl.

Health experts are concerned about H7N9's ability to jump to humans, and about the strain's capacity to infect birds without causing noticeable symptoms, which makes it difficult to monitor its spread.

"This is definitely one of the most lethal influenza viruses we have seen so far," Fukuda said. But he added that experts are still trying to understand the virus, and that there might be a large number of mild infections that are going undetected.

The H7N9 bird flu virus has infected more than 100 people in China, seriously sickening most of them and killing more than 20, mostly near the eastern coast around Shanghai. Taiwan on Wednesday confirmed its first case, a 53-year-old man who became sick after returning from a visit to the eastern Chinese province of Jiangsu.

In comparison, the earlier bird flu strain, H5N1, is known to kill up to 60 of every 100 people it infects.

Wednesday's briefing came at the end of a weeklong joint investigation by WHO and Chinese authorities in Beijing and Shanghai.

Experts said they still aren't sure how people are getting infected but said evidence points to infections at live poultry markets, particularly through ducks and chickens. They said it was encouraging that reported infections appeared to slow down after the closure of live poultry markets in affected areas.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/flu-passes-more-easily-bird-human-073635353.html

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Amazon first-quarter revenue matches expectations

MADRID, April 25 (Reuters) - Playmaker Andres Iniesta has dismissed the idea Barcelona are at the end of an era following their 4-0 Champions League mauling by Bayern Munich. Barca, who lifted the trophy in 2009 and 2011, were the favourites to win the competition ahead of Tuesday's semi-final first leg but they were so outclassed by the Germans that many pundits believe their recent spell of dominance is over. "I think it is unfair to talk of a cyclical change," the Spanish World Cup winner told a news conference on Thursday. ...

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/amazon-first-quarter-revenue-matches-expectations-201558654--sector.html

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Hagel to meet Egypt's leaders, push military ties

U.S. Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel is greeted by Saudi Arabia's Deputy Minister of Defense Prince Fahd bin Abdullah, left, upon his arrival at King Khaled International Airport in Riyadh, on April 23, 2013. (AP Photo/Jim Watson, Pool)

U.S. Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel is greeted by Saudi Arabia's Deputy Minister of Defense Prince Fahd bin Abdullah, left, upon his arrival at King Khaled International Airport in Riyadh, on April 23, 2013. (AP Photo/Jim Watson, Pool)

U.S. Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel, left, is welcomed by Saudi Crown Prince, Deputy Premier and Minister of Defense Salman bin Abdulaziz , center, during a meeting at his residence in Riyadh, on Tuesday, April 23, 2013. (AP Photo/Jim Watson, Pool)

(AP) ? By including Cairo on his first Mideast tour as defense secretary, Chuck Hagel is highlighting the Obama administration's hope of preserving influence with the Egyptian military as the country struggles with its transition to democracy.

After stops in Israel, Jordan and Saudi Arabia, Hagel flew to the Egyptian capital for his first face-to-face meetings with Egypt's top leaders. In their talks Wednesday, he planned to stress the value of close military ties with a country that is deeply divided in the wake of the 2011 revolution that ousted longtime President Hosni Mubarak.

Egypt was the first Arab country to sign a peace treaty with Israel. The U.S. is deeply concerned, however, that continued instability in Egypt will have broader consequences in a region already rocked by unrest, including in the increasingly lawless Sinai Peninsula.

U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry visited Egypt in March and rewarded it for President Mohammed Morsi's pledges of political and economic reform by releasing $250 million in American aid.

Morsi came to power in June 2012 as Egypt's first freely elected president.

Hagel was scheduled to meet with Morsi as well as Defense Minister Gen. Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi.

On Tuesday the legal adviser to Morsi resigned, alleging that the Muslim Brotherhood has monopolized decision-making and encroached on the governing of the country.

The resignation letter by Mohammed Fouad Gadallah brought the harshest criticism yet from inside the presidency. Opponents of Morsi long have accused the Brotherhood of being the real power behind the president and say the group's attempts to dominate power have fueled the country's turmoil.

Morsi, who hails from the Brotherhood, denied in a TV interview earlier this week that the group intervenes in decision-making.

Hagel flew to Cairo from Riyadh, where he met Tuesday evening with top officials, including Crown Prince Salman bin Abdulaziz al-Saud, who serves as the kingdom's defense minister as well. Hagel also held talks Tuesday in Jordan and Israel.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/89ae8247abe8493fae24405546e9a1aa/Article_2013-04-24-ML-US-Mideast/id-b24b15d6701e40b2a6fcea8df0786ba2

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U.S. to spend $890,000 ? on nothing (Star Tribune)

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Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/301391317?client_source=feed&format=rss

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Huge elephant bird egg gets $101,813 at UK auction

Christie's scientific specialist James Hyslop poses for photographs with a sub-fossilized pre-17th century Elephant Bird egg at the auction house's premises in London, Wednesday, March 27, 2013. The egg, which is estimated to fetch 20,000 to 30,000 pounds ($30,210 to $45,315 and 23,645 to 35,467 euro) in the forthcoming Travel, Science and Natural History sale on April 24, measures over 100 times the average size of a chicken egg, and stands at 21cm in diameter and 30cm in height. The extinct Elephant Bird species was native to Madagascar and among the heaviest known birds. (AP Photo/Matt Dunham)

Christie's scientific specialist James Hyslop poses for photographs with a sub-fossilized pre-17th century Elephant Bird egg at the auction house's premises in London, Wednesday, March 27, 2013. The egg, which is estimated to fetch 20,000 to 30,000 pounds ($30,210 to $45,315 and 23,645 to 35,467 euro) in the forthcoming Travel, Science and Natural History sale on April 24, measures over 100 times the average size of a chicken egg, and stands at 21cm in diameter and 30cm in height. The extinct Elephant Bird species was native to Madagascar and among the heaviest known birds. (AP Photo/Matt Dunham)

(AP) ? A massive, partly fossilized egg laid by a now-extinct elephant bird has sold for more than double its estimate at a London auction.

Christie's auction house said Wednesday that the foot-long, nearly nine-inches in diameter egg fetched 66,675 pounds ($101,813). It had been valued at 20,000 to 30,000 pounds pre-sale, and was sold to an anonymous buyer over the telephone after about 10 minutes of competitive bidding.

Elephant birds were wiped out several hundred years ago. The oversized ovum, laid on the island of Madagascar, is believed to date back before the 17th century.

Flightless, fruit-gobbling elephant birds resembled giant ostriches and could grow to be 11 feet high (3.4 meters). Christie's says their eggs are 100 times the size of an average chicken's.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/aa9398e6757a46fa93ed5dea7bd3729e/Article_2013-04-24-EU-Britain-Big-Egg/id-c9294b209adc4f22982f77c77ce7a12c

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Entire galaxies feel the heat from newborn stars: Bursts of star birth can curtail future galaxy growth

Apr. 25, 2013 ? When galaxies form new stars, they sometimes do so in frantic episodes of activity known as starbursts. These events were commonplace in the early Universe, but are rarer in nearby galaxies.

During these bursts, hundreds of millions of stars are born, and their combined effect can drive a powerful wind that travels out of the galaxy. These winds were known to affect their host galaxy -- but this new research now shows that they have a significantly greater effect than previously thought.

An international team of astronomers observed 20 nearby galaxies, some of which were known to be undergoing a starburst. They found that the winds accompanying these star formation processes were capable of ionising [1] gas up to 650 000 light-years from the galactic centre -- around twenty times further out than the visible size of the galaxy. This is the first direct observational evidence of local starbursts impacting the bulk of the gas around their host galaxy, and has important consequences for how that galaxy continues to evolve and form stars.

"The extended material around galaxies is hard to study, as it's so faint," says team member Vivienne Wild of the University of St. Andrews. "But it's important -- these envelopes of cool gas hold vital clues about how galaxies grow, process mass and energy, and finally die. We're exploring a new frontier in galaxy evolution!"

The team used the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) instrument [2] on the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope to analyse light from a mixed sample of starburst and control galaxies. They were able to probe these faint envelopes by exploiting even more distant objects -- quasars, the intensely luminous centres of distant galaxies powered by huge black holes. By analysing the light from these quasars after it passed through the foreground galaxies, the team could probe the galaxies themselves.

"Hubble is the only observatory that can carry out the observations necessary for a study like this," says lead author Sanchayeeta Borthakur, of Johns Hopkins University. "We needed a space-based telescope to probe the hot gas, and the only instrument capable of measuring the extended envelopes of galaxies is COS."

The starburst galaxies within the sample were seen to have large amounts of highly ionised gas in their halos -- but the galaxies that were not undergoing a starburst did not. The team found that this ionisation was caused by the energetic winds created alongside newly forming stars.

This has consequences for the future of the galaxies hosting the starbursts. Galaxies grow by accreting gas from the space surrounding them, and converting this gas into stars. As these winds ionise the future fuel reservoir of gas in the galaxy's envelope, the availability of cool gas falls -- regulating any future star formation.

"Starbursts are important phenomena -- they not only dictate the future evolution of a single galaxy, but also influence the cycle of matter and energy in the Universe as a whole," says team member Timothy Heckman, of Johns Hopkins University. "The envelopes of galaxies are the interface between galaxies and the rest of the Universe -- and we're just beginning to fully explore the processes at work within them."

The team's results will appear in the 1 May 2013 issue of The Astrophysical Journal.

Notes

[1] A gas is said to be ionised when its atoms have lost one or more electrons -- in this case by energetic winds exciting galactic gas and knocking electrons out of the atoms within.

[2] Spectrographs are instruments that break light into its constituent colours and measure the intensity of each colour, revealing information about the object emitting the light -- such as its chemical composition, temperature, density, or velocity.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by ESA/Hubble Information Centre.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Sanchayeeta Borthakur, Timothy Heckman, David Strickland, Vivienne Wild, David Schiminovich. THE IMPACT OF STARBURSTS ON THE CIRCUMGALACTIC MEDIUM. The Astrophysical Journal, 2013; 768 (1): 18 DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/768/1/18

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/space_time/nasa/~3/3ypRbNu_Qzk/130425103312.htm

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Like it or hate it, Free-To-Play gaming is here to stay | Digital Trends

Agree? ?Disagree? Sound off in the comments below, and for the ?con? side of the argument, check out ?Why Free-to-Play is a fad.?

Free-to-play games may not overtake the standard model of retail gaming, but it is the future of gaming ? not the only future, or even the dominant one, but the future nonetheless. Soon there won?t be a major publisher on the planet that doesn?t offer a free-to-play game, just as many are now focusing time and money on mobile gaming. Unlike mobile ? which is perhaps best viewed as a companion to retail games, or as an option for people that wouldn?t otherwise game ? F2P is proving that it is more than just a business model, it is a new way to think about traditional gaming.

In America, the F2P craze is just beginning to catch on. You can argue that it began decades ago with freeware, but the current ?free-to-play? model is a specific type of game that is powered by microtransactions. That style of game has been slowly expanding for a while now, but it?s really only within the last handful of years that the model stretched beyond just a few specific games and became its own sub-industry.

On the other hand, F2P is huge around the world. In China, where consoles are almost nonexistent and there are over 100 million online users, F2P games enjoy massive popularity.?Call of Duty Online?entered open beta earlier this year, bringing a massively multiplayer take on Activision?s hit franchise exclusively to the Chinese audience. Nintendo has a similar plan in motion for an MMO treatment of?Monster Hunter.

free_to_play is here to stay monster hunter screenshot

South America is also a hotbed for online gaming as consoles struggle to saturate that market. Brazil services the 8th largest online population in the world, and ?F2P games receive much of the attention. This is partly due to an old law that puts a 120-percent tax on retail video games, treating them as gambling in the eyes of the law. Free-to-play games create a creative loophole that circumvents the outdated statute.

American, European, and Asian publishers know which way the wind is blowing: Retail games aren?t going away by any means, but the F2P model is more than just a gimmick. It is one of the pillars of the future of gaming. To top it all off, F2P virtually eliminates the need for piracy and used games, two things that publishers hate in nearly equal measure.

People like Free Stuff

The ?free-to-play? classification is actually a misnomer. These games are free to play, but only technically, as they rely heavily on microtransactions. The publisher needs these to make money, and the gamers need them to get the most out of the game. It is annoying and even frustrating to play and lose to someone that simply paid some money for an in-game benefit but it really is just a matter of how you perceive these games.

People like free stuff, and publishers know that. Marketing campaigns push the ?free? aspect over and over again, and you often hear that you can unlock the same or equivalent content through play that you can with money. This is usually true, but it?s unrealistic. If the difference between getting a cool weapon that makes the game more fun is either $1 or 100 hours of gaming, a dollar seems reasonable. A better way to think of F2P is ?pay what you want.?

The free portion of many of these games often amounts to a robust demo that allows you to play for a long, long time before you commit to paying anything. In games like these you eventually have to pay up if you want to get the most out of the experience, but you still have the option to choose what you want to pay for and when.

Full retail releases are expensive. A new game will generally run you $60, often more when you count in things like DLC. If you buy a game like Call of Duty and also purchase all of its expansions, you are looking at a bill of around $120 (not counting discounts like season passes). That is fairly common, and really not even ?unreasonable compared to the time you get out of it and the market value of games.

free_to_play is here to stay ballistic screenshot

For people that aren?t already into gaming, this is an expensive and steep fence to climb. Even the most dedicated gamers have to choose carefully before putting down any money. Whether you are on a budget or just not willing to commit $60-$100 on a game you may know nothing about, F2P exists and expands around the notion that there is an alternative.

A player can now play a game for hours and hours with no monetary investment. It?s easy and accessible. Even Facebook is starting to catch on, with more traditional gaming experiences like the first-person shooter?Ballistic (which, incidentally, was developed in Brazil) offering an alternative to FarmVille and its ilk. If the right spark catches,?the F2P audience could explode there.

The Next-Gen Holds the Key

While much of the world may already embrace F2P gaming via PC, console audiences haven?t seen as much of this model. That could change with the next generation of consoles due out this year. Xbox Live has over 40 million subscribers, many paying an annual fee, while the free PlayStation Network has roughly twice that. It is a massive market that F2P games have only scratched the surface of, with games like?Dust 514 and?Happy Wars.

free_to_play is here to stay planetside 2 screenshot

The advent of downloadable content has led gamers to embrace new models and approaches on consoles. Indie downloadable releases like Journey?and The Walking Dead?were big hits both commercially and critically last year. Publishers like EA have also made sure to get gamers well acquainted with microtransactions and the virtual storefronts that support them. It would be surprising to see either Sony or Microsoft ignore this in the next-gen. Sony already has the popular Planetside 2;?the PS4 could easily handle a port of the game.

Free-to-play is Here to Stay

It is unlikely that the F2P model is going to overtake the traditional model. Even if it does, that won?t mean the end of retail games. People still like interactive experiences with campaigns and stories, and those are much more difficult to monetize through microtransactions; plus, not everyone likes playing games online. The industry is changing though, and new avenues for games are being created that just weren?t possible even a few years ago. There is no going back now: free-to-play gaming will be one of the pillars of gaming in the years to come.

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Source: http://www.digitaltrends.com/gaming/like-it-or-hate-it-free-to-play-gaming-is-here-to-stay/

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