seanjhonson27: Latest Technology: Computer Program

The terms computer program, software program, application program, system software, or just programs that are used to refer either an executable program or the collection of source code from which an executable program is created.

In 1975 Niklaus Wirth (who written PASCAL Programming Language) wrote the formulae Algorithms + Data Structure = Programs, which gained wide recognition and is still useful today.

Terminology :

Software programs (collections of programs and other related resources) are most frequently referred to as applications by end-users, as these people are focused on the abilities of application software (application programs) rather than system software.

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Program Execution :

A modern day computer program is loaded into memory (usually by the operating system), which is interpreted or compiled and then executes instruction by instruction until "program termination", either with success or through software or hardware error. Some primitive types of computers ran instructions encoded in various ways.

Before a computer can execute any of program (including the operating system which is also a program) the computer hardware must be initialized. This is done by a piece of software stored on programmable memory chips installed by the manufacturer called the BIOS (Basic Input Output System). The BIOS will attempt to initialize the boot sequence making the computer ready for miscellaneous program execution.

Program Versus Data :

The source code of a program is often treated as being different from the data it operates on. In some cases this distinction is blured with programs creating, or modifying data, which is subsequently executed as part of the same program. Neural networks are the best example where this distinction between code and data is not clear cut.

Programming :

A program is likely to contain a variety of different algorithms. Creating a computer program is the iterative process of writing new source code in any high level language or modifying existing source code, followed by analyzing, testing and refining the code. A person who practices this skill is referred to as a computer programmer or software developer. Sometimes lengthy process of computer programming is referred to as "software development" or software engineering. This is later becoming more popular due to the increasing maturity of the discipline.

Two other forms of modern day approaches are team programming and peer programming, wherein team programming each member of the group has equal participation in the development process except for one person who guides the group through discrepancies. These groups tend to be around 10 people to keep the group manageable. The second from is referred to as peer programming or pair programming.

Source: http://latestec.blogspot.com/2012/11/computer-program.html

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Source: http://seanjhonson27.blogspot.com/2012/11/latest-technology-computer-program.html

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Source: http://technicality-discrimination.blogspot.com/2012/11/seanjhonson27-latest-technology.html

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US soldier accused of killing Afghan villagers had victims' blood on ...

JOINT BASE LEWIS-McCHORD, Wash. (AP) ? The soldier accused of killing 16 villagers in a nighttime rampage in Afghanistan returned to his base wearing a cape and with the blood of his victims on his rifle, belt, shirt and pants, a military prosecutor said Monday.

Staff Sgt. Robert Bales was incredulous when fellow U.S. soldiers drew their weapons on him when he returned to Camp Belambay in southern Afghanistan last March, prosecutor Lt. Col. Jay Morse said as a preliminary hearing opened at Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Wash.

Bales then turned to one sergeant at the scene and said: "Mac, if you rat me out ..." Morse said.

Bales, 39, has been charged with 16 counts of premeditated murder and six counts of attempted murder in one of the worst atrocities of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. Nine of the victims were children. The hearing will help determine whether the case goes to a court martial.

Bales has not entered a plea. His attorneys have not discussed the evidence in the case, but say Bales has PTSD and suffered a concussive head injury during a prior deployment to Iraq.

The father of two from Lake Tapps, Wash., sat beside one of his civilian lawyers, Emma Scanlan, in green fatigues as an investigating officer read the charges against Bales and informed him of his rights. Bales said, "Sir, yes, sir," when asked if he understood them.

Morse said Bales seemed utterly normal in the hours before the March 11 killings. With his colleagues, Bales watched the movie "Man on Fire," a fictional account of a former CIA operative on a revenge rampage.

Just before he left the base, Morse said, Bales told a Special Forces soldier that he was unhappy with his family life, and that the troops should have been quicker to retaliate for a roadside bomb attack that claimed one soldier's leg.

"At all times he had a clear understanding of what he was doing and what he had done," said Morse, who described Bales as lucid, coherent and responsive.

Bales is accused of slipping away from the remote outpost with an M-4 rifle outfitted with a grenade launcher to attack the villages of Balandi and Alkozai, in a dangerous district.

American officials have said they believe Bales broke the slaughter into two episodes ? walking first to one village, returning to the base and slipping away again to carry out the second attack.

The prosecutor said Bales returned to the base at one point, telling a colleague about shooting people at a village. The soldier apparently took it as a bad joke and responded: "Quit messing around."

Prosecutors played for the first time a video captured by a surveillance blimp that showed a caped figure running toward the base, then stopping and dropping his weapons as he's confronted. There is no audio. Morse said Bales was the caped figure.

After being taken into custody, Morse said, Bales said: "I thought I was doing the right thing."

The hearing is scheduled to run as long as two weeks, and part of it will be held overnight to allow video testimony from witnesses, including an estimated 10 to 15 Afghans, in Afghanistan.

Bales' attorney, John Henry Browne, said the hearing will give the defense a chance to see what the government can prove. They are expecting a court martial.

Bales is an Ohio native who joined the Army in late 2001 ? after the 9/11 attacks ? as his career as a stockbroker imploded. An arbitrator entered a $1.5 million fraud judgment against him and his former company that went unpaid, and his attempt to start an investment firm in Florida also failed.

He was serving his fourth combat tour after three stints in Iraq, and his arrest prompted a national discussion about the stresses posed by multiple deployments.

Scanlan, his attorney, declined to say to what extent the lawyers hope to elicit testimony that could be used to support a mental-health defense. Bales himself will not make any statements because his lawyers said he would have nothing to gain.

Bales' wife, Karilyn, who plans to attend the hearing, had complained about financial problems on her blog in the year before the killings, and noted Bales was disappointed at being passed over for a promotion.

Browne described those stresses as garden-variety ? nothing that would prompt such a massacre ? and has also said, without elaborating, that Bales suffered a traumatic incident during his second Iraq tour that triggered "tremendous depression."

Bales remembers little or nothing from the time of the attacks, the defense said.

Scanlan, who deferred an opportunity to give an opening statement, said the Army had only recently turned over a preliminary DNA trace evidence report from the crime scenes, but defense experts have not had time to review it.

Bales, who spent months in confinement at Fort Leavenworth, Kan., before being transferred to Lewis-McChord last month, is doing well, Scanlan said.

"He's getting prepared," she said, "but it's nerve-wracking for anybody."

Gene Johnson, Associated Press

Source: http://www.nola.com/military/index.ssf/2012/11/us_soldier_accused_of_killing.html

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Twitter changes the way it takes down copyright - The Next Web

To better serve its users and help account owners understand what has happened to their tweets, Twitter has changed the way it serves copyright takedowns from?rights-holders, now ?withholding? tweets instead of deleting them.

GigaOm noticed the change, which was documented in a tweet (where else?) by a member of Twitter?s legal team, pointing to the company?s updated copyright policy page.

In that page, Twitter explains that ?in?an effort to be as transparent as possible regarding the removal or restriction of access to user-posted content,? it will mark tweets as withheld, providing feedback for users instead of simply deleting the tweet.

If a rights-holder requests the takedown of a tweet and Twitter enforces it, the offending tweet will now read:

This Tweet from [Twitter user]?has been withheld in response to a report from the copyright holder. Learn more:?https://t.co/LAk1oFhH

As GigaOm points out, one tweet may have already been taken down since the new policy came into effect. Luckily (or should we say unluckily), the offender is none other than F-Secure?s malware expert Mikko Hypponen.

While Hyponnen is well known for sharing security-related tweets, links and information, there?s no saying whether he posted a tweet that was then pulled, or he knew of the policy change and tweeted something to that effect.

If an image or video receives a copyright notice, Twitter serves this notice:

Either way, Twitter now provides more context when a tweet is subject to a copyright complaint. This not only allows a user?s followers to interact and discuss why it?s been withheld but it also ensures that tweets don?t just disappear and confuse people when they come upon a dead link.

Twitter needs to enforce such requests or it could be liable for legal action, this way it allows the company to be more transparent with its actions.

Image Credit:?benny_lin/Flickr

Source: http://thenextweb.com/twitter/2012/11/04/twitter-changes-the-way-it-takes-down-copyright-infringing-tweets-now-withholds-instead-of-deleting/

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Sin tax bill, 2013 proposed budget high on Senate priority list ...

The 2013 national budget and the sin tax reform bill are high on the Senate list of measures to pass, but deliberations on the proposed tax structure for tobacco and alcohol products will start on Tuesday, Nov. 6. ??
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?Both the budget and sin tax are priority all over other legislation,? Senate President Juan Ponce Enrile told reporters Monday.
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Deliberations on the sin tax measure would be based on the controversial committee report by Sen. Ralph Recto, who resigned as Senate blue ribbon committee chair after his proposed version of the bill was criticized as pandering to the wishes of the tobacco industry.
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Asked about the fate of another controversial measure ? the reproductive health bill ? Enrile said it has been tagged as the Senate?s second priority and not as urgent as the budget and sin tax bills in terms of legislation.
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Sen. Franklin Drilon, acting chair of the ways and means committee, said?the debates can start on Tuesday. ?So, tomorrow afternoon we will start? defending the committee report and go through the process of amending it at the appropriate time and submit it to the floor,? Drilon told reporters Monday.
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Drilon said he will try to have the sin tax bill passed this week and sponsor the proposed national budget in the third week of November.
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?What we are working on ? as a target ? is that by January 1, there is a new budget,? he added.
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The process, Drilon said, was discussed with Recto and Enrile.
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In a privilege speech, Recto moved to withdraw the committee report which, however, remained on the floor as he could not remove it on his own.
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In an interview, Recto said he agreed with Drilon?s proposal ? noting, it was the wish of President Benigno Aquino III ? so as not to delay the passage of the bill. But Recto wanted his signature deleted from the committee report.
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He said he will be active in the debates and vowed to fight for a realistic and responsible revenue measure. ?I will not be an obstacle, but it will be my job to show that the P60 billion Palace-backed proposal is unrealistic,? Recto noted.
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Drilon claimed it doesn?t really matter if he and Recto have different versions of how much the reformed sin tax law should generate in revenue terms. In the end, the Senate ? as a whole ? would decide on the final version of the bill, he added.
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?We will be endorsing a committee report that proposes an increase on both cigarettes and liquor? But on the rates, we will present amendments,? he said.

Sharing a single view
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In spite of the differences on the revenue aspect of the measure, Drilon noted the senators share a single view on the need for higher taxes on alcohol and tobacco products particularly to bring down the number of smokers in the country.
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?We will defend the need to increase the taxes. We will defend the fact that ? primarily ? this is a health measure more than a tax measure, because it is accepted that smoking is a major cause of mortality in the Philippines,? he said.
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?It is accepted that, as a policy, excise tax is an effective tool of reducing smoking in the country. So, it is along these lines that we will defend the need to increase sin taxes on cigarettes which have lagged behind in terms of the GDP growth of the Philippines,? he added.
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The Senate intends to pass the sin tax bill before the proposed 2013 budget. ?That is our intention: to pass the sin tax first so that we will have a better feel of the budget once the sin tax is passed,? he said.
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There is a P24-billion funding gap between the P54 billion proposed budget of the health sector in 2013 and P77.4 billion which the government actually needs to implement health projects, the Senator noted.
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Among the programs that might be affected by the non-passage of the sin tax bill are the enrolment of 5.2 million families more in the PhilHealth, the construction and repair of provincial and regional hospitals, and the strengthening of public health programs ? especially immunization.
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?We have to pass the sin tax bill in order that we can fill the financial gap on the health sector. The government cannot appropriate P77.4 billion because of the deficit level,? he said.
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?If we don?t get additional budget under the sin tax, we would not be able to address the budget gap and we should not be able to deliver the services that the government should deliver,? he said.
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Asked what figures would be acceptable to all senators since Recto pegged it at P15 billion ? which some senators, administration officials civil society member opposed. Malaca?ang wanted the new measure to generate at P60 billion proposal of Malacanang is unrealistic to many lawmakers, Drilon noted there is no definite figure yet.
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?At the very least, it is not just P24 billion because, remember, tobacco farmers are entitled, under R.A. 7171, to 15 percent of the increment. That?s why I say at least, because if you only say P24 billion you will not reach the tobacco farmers who are entitled to 15 percent increment? of whatever is the total sin tax collection,? he said.
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In a separate interview, Senator Edgardo Angara said they have to pick somewhere between P15 billion and P60 billion.
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?We?ve got to strike at the sweet spot that will satisfy the health [sector] and [revenue] expectations. At the same time, not to destroy the livelihood of our colleagues from the north [Luzon],? he added. ? VS, GMA News

Source: http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/281007/economy/finance/sin-tax-bill-2013-proposed-budget-high-on-senate-priority-list

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Hong Kong shares seen flat to lower; US elections,China in focus

HONG KONG | Mon Nov 5, 2012 12:47am GMT

HONG KONG Nov 5 (Reuters) - Hong Kong shares were set for a weaker start on Monday as investors pause ahead of U.S. elections and China's leadership change before chasing a rally that has lifted the local benchmark to a 15-month high.

The Hang Seng index had its best week in seven and closed at its highest level since Aug. 2, 2011 last Friday on strong fund inflows into the region. It gained 2.6 percent last week and is now up 20 percent for the year.

In overseas markets, stocks on Wall Street fell about 1 percent on Friday despite better-than-expected employment data, which was the last major report card on the U.S. economy before Tuesday's presidential election.

China's once-in-a-decade leadership transition gets underway this week with the opening of the 18th Party congress in Beijing on Nov. 8 that will usher in a new generation of leaders.

Elsewhere in Asia, Japan's Nikkei was down 0.4 percent while South Korea's Kospi was 0.3 percent weaker as of 0020 GMT.

STOCKS TO WATCH:

* China's services sector rebounded in October from a two-year low in September on stronger activity in the construction and retail sectors, an official survey showed on Saturday, adding to signs of a modest economic recovery.

* Prudential plc said on Monday it would buy 100 percent of Thanachart Life Assurance Co Ltd, a wholly owned life insurance subsidiary of Thanachart Bank for 368 million pounds ($590 million).

* Taxi operators in China interested in electrifying their fleet can pay the full price of BYD's e6 in installments, saving them the hefty upfront full payment they have to make for a gasoline-powered car, the Warren Buffett-backed Chinese car maker said on Sunday.

* Canada said it has extended its review of a $15.1 billion bid by China's CNOOC Ltd for Canadian energy producer Nexen Inc by a month to Dec. 10. Ottawa is conducting the review to determine whether a takeover by the Chinese state-owned enterprise would bring a "net benefit" to Canada.

* Instant noodle maker Tingyi (Cayman Islands) Holding Corp said its third-quarter results were slightly affected by false allegations circulating in the market that the company is Japanese controlled, which caused a boycott by consumers of its products.

* Brightoil Petroleum (Holdings) Ltd said it recorded a significant loss for the three months ended in September due to a challenging market environment where demand and margins were poor.(Reporting by Vikram Subhedar; Editing by Chris Gallagher)

Source: http://uk.reuters.com/article/2012/11/05/markets-hongkong-china-stocks-preopen-idUKL3E8M504B20121105?feedType=RSS&feedName=rbssFinancialServicesAndRealEstateNews

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Blue Devils Await the NCAA Selection Show

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Source: http://www.goduke.com//ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=4200&ATCLID=205724205

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Spiritual Living with a Baby on the Way

Last week, it probably looked like I was talking to myself in the grocery store. But at 8 months pregnant, I was talking to the little girl in my belly.

This has been happening for months. I?ll hear a clear message, like a thought in my head that I know is not mine: ?Mommy, don?t buy those apples, buy the mangoes.? Or, ?I like that red juice you had the other day.?

Sometimes she?s much more animated. I?ve even heard her say ?Goody Goody Gumdrops,? and I?ve felt her flailing about like she can barely contain her excitement when she likes something. Usually food. She almost always moves after I eat, and she?ll thank me and tell me ?This is soooo good.?
We?ve had the sense she wants to be born as soon as possible, and we?ve told her: ?You need to wait until you?re full term or at least close. You need to get big and strong before you come out.?

We had this conversation months ago, and now with about a month to go, I am so hungry! It?s as if she?s decided to get big and strong NOW, so she can come out sooner.
Lately we hear her saying, ?I?m coming out soon.? One day when my husband was talking with her she told him, ?Mommy needs to make more room for me.? I reminded her she chose a fairly small mother and that there was only so much room to make!

I believe children choose their parents. I also believe they have plenty to say, not only when they?re a year or more old, but even in the womb, even before conception.
Our little girl is delighted that we can hear her! Not only do we talk with her, but our friends? and even some clients? do too.

In my intuitive reading sessions with clients, I sometimes receive information from spirit guides. Well, since I?m pregnant I sometimes hear the same type of guidance from my daughter, as if she is a guide!

Usually, when this happens I?ll tell my client, ?the baby has something to tell you,? and I?ll just say it. It?s interesting; the clients she tends to talk to also say they feel connected to her!

As I was teaching a workshop recently, I led a meditation helping the students tune in to their own intuitive guidance. After the meditation, one woman (who I had just met), came up to me and said, ?Ann, your daughter is incredible. She came to me in my meditation and told me so many things.? The student had a whole page of notes in her journal, based on what the baby had told her!

Our baby moves when she hears certain clients? and friends? voices now; I can tell she recognizes them. Sometimes I?ll even hear her say ?Auntie? or ?Uncle? before the name of someone she really likes!

One day, she told me the astrological chart she wanted. Specifically, she told me the sun, moon and rising signs. So I decided to look up what day that would be.
The same day, she told my husband the specific date she wanted to be born. When I looked up the astrology she told me, the date was the same as the date my husband had heard! We will keep this a secret until we find out.

I am deeply touched to be her mother, and I share this in hopes more parents will learn to talk and listen to their incoming children!

Author's Bio:?

Ann O'Brien is an intuitive living teacher offering spiritual readings, energy healing and education to help you realize your spiritual power, radiant health and ecstatic relationships. Working with thousands of clients and students worldwide for over a decade, Ann brings the mystical down to earth and makes it practical, fun, accessible and empowering. She is the creator of the program, "Jump Start Your Intuition: Simple Daily Meditation Tips to Increase Wealth, Improve Health & Give You Peace of Mind" along with her in-depth Intuitive Training Program. For more information please visit
www.FloweringSol.com.

Source: http://www.selfgrowth.com/articles/spiritual-living-with-a-baby-on-the-way

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